The final results of STREAM Stage 1 were recently published in the New England Journal of Medicine, showing the efficacy of a shorter (9–11-month) multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) treatment regimen in comparison to the longer (20–24-month) regimen which was the standard of care when the trial began. The shorter regimen reduces treatment time, decreases the overall pill burden for patients, and potentially increases the number of patients completing treatment, a major barrier to eliminating TB. STREAM is the world’s first multi-country randomized phase III clinical trial to test the efficacy, safety, and economic impact of shortened MDR-TB treatment regimens.
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The STREAM clinical trial is being implemented by Vital Strategies and its affiliate, the International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease (The Union). The trial represents a unique collaboration between USAID, Janssen Pharmaceuticals, Vital Strategies, and The Union, and aims to generate evidence regarding the effectiveness of shorter, more tolerable treatment regimens for MDR-TB.